Why Use Original WAEC Biology Past Questions?
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Exam Format Familiarity: Knowing the structure of questions—multiple choice, theory, and practical—reduces anxiety.
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Focus on High-Yield Topics: Past questions consistently highlight important topics like Cell Biology, Genetics, Human Anatomy, Ecology, and Plant Physiology.
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Improved Time Management: Timed practice with authentic questions helps you pace yourself effectively during the exam.
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Error Analysis: Reviewing answers sharpens your understanding and prevents repeated mistakes.
Structure of the WAEC Biology Exam
The WAEC Biology exam is typically divided into:
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Paper 1: Objective questions testing broad knowledge across the syllabus.
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Paper 2: Theory questions requiring detailed understanding, explanations, and application.
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Paper 3: Practical or alternative to practical paper focusing on experimental skills, data interpretation, and observation.
Preparing for all three papers is essential for comprehensive success.
Core Topics in 2024 WAEC Biology Past Questions
The 2024 updated past questions emphasize key areas such as:
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Cell structure and function
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Photosynthesis and respiration
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Genetics and evolution
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Human anatomy and physiology
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Microorganisms and immunity
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Ecology and environment
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Reproduction in plants and animals
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Biotechnology and genetic engineering
Benefits of Using 2024 Updated Biology Past Questions and Answers
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Up-to-Date Syllabus Coverage: Reflects the newest curriculum and exam patterns.
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Detailed Answer Explanations: Helps clarify complex concepts and question-solving techniques.
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Confidence Building: Regular practice fosters exam confidence.
Biology Past Questions and Answers:
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The basic unit of life is the:
(a) Atom
(b) Molecule
(c) Cell
(d) Tissue
Answer: (c) Cell -
Photosynthesis occurs mainly in the:
(a) Root
(b) Stem
(c) Leaf
(d) Flower
Answer: (c) Leaf -
The process by which green plants manufacture their food is called:
(a) Respiration
(b) Photosynthesis
(c) Transpiration
(d) Fermentation
Answer: (b) Photosynthesis -
The largest organ in the human body is the:
(a) Liver
(b) Kidney
(c) Skin
(d) Heart
Answer: (c) Skin -
The respiratory organ in fish is the:
(a) Gills
(b) Lungs
(c) Skin
(d) Trachea
Answer: (a) Gills -
The movement of water from the soil into the root cells is by:
(a) Osmosis
(b) Diffusion
(c) Active transport
(d) Transpiration
Answer: (a) Osmosis -
The human blood group that is considered the universal donor is:
(a) A
(b) B
(c) AB
(d) O
Answer: (d) O -
Which of these is not a function of the skeleton?
(a) Protection
(b) Support
(c) Production of red blood cells
(d) Digestion
Answer: (d) Digestion -
The main functional unit of the kidney is the:
(a) Nephron
(b) Alveolus
(c) Neuron
(d) Glomerulus
Answer: (a) Nephron -
The type of blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart is:
(a) Vein
(b) Artery
(c) Capillary
(d) Lymphatic vessel
Answer: (b) Artery -
Photosynthetic pigments are located in the:
(a) Mitochondria
(b) Chloroplast
(c) Ribosome
(d) Vacuole
Answer: (b) Chloroplast -
The process of releasing energy from food in the presence of oxygen is:
(a) Photosynthesis
(b) Respiration
(c) Fermentation
(d) Transpiration
Answer: (b) Respiration -
Human DNA is located mostly in the:
(a) Cytoplasm
(b) Nucleus
(c) Mitochondria
(d) Cell membrane
Answer: (b) Nucleus -
The part of the brain responsible for balance and coordination is the:
(a) Cerebrum
(b) Cerebellum
(c) Medulla
(d) Hypothalamus
Answer: (b) Cerebellum -
Enzymes are:
(a) Proteins
(b) Carbohydrates
(c) Lipids
(d) Vitamins
Answer: (a) Proteins -
The hormone that regulates blood sugar level is:
(a) Insulin
(b) Adrenaline
(c) Thyroxine
(d) Estrogen
Answer: (a) Insulin -
The producer in a food chain is usually a:
(a) Herbivore
(b) Carnivore
(c) Decomposer
(d) Green plant
Answer: (d) Green plant -
The process by which plants lose water vapor through stomata is called:
(a) Osmosis
(b) Transpiration
(c) Photosynthesis
(d) Respiration
Answer: (b) Transpiration -
The muscular organ that pumps blood around the body is the:
(a) Brain
(b) Heart
(c) Liver
(d) Kidney
Answer: (b) Heart -
The part of a cell which controls all activities is the:
(a) Nucleus
(b) Cytoplasm
(c) Cell membrane
(d) Mitochondria
Answer: (a) Nucleus -
The primary function of red blood cells is to:
(a) Fight infections
(b) Carry oxygen
(c) Clot blood
(d) Carry carbon dioxide
Answer: (b) Carry oxygen -
The eye pigment that helps in night vision is called:
(a) Chlorophyll
(b) Rhodopsin
(c) Hemoglobin
(d) Melanin
Answer: (b) Rhodopsin -
The structure that prevents food from entering the windpipe is the:
(a) Esophagus
(b) Epiglottis
(c) Trachea
(d) Pharynx
Answer: (b) Epiglottis -
The cells responsible for immunity are:
(a) Red blood cells
(b) Neurons
(c) White blood cells
(d) Platelets
Answer: (c) White blood cells -
In human males, sperm is produced in the:
(a) Prostate gland
(b) Testis
(c) Epididymis
(d) Seminal vesicle
Answer: (b) Testis -
The energy currency molecule of cells is:
(a) DNA
(b) RNA
(c) ATP
(d) ADP
Answer: (c) ATP -
Fungi obtain their food through:
(a) Photosynthesis
(b) Absorption
(c) Ingestion
(d) Decomposition
Answer: (b) Absorption -
The site of protein synthesis in the cell is the:
(a) Nucleus
(b) Mitochondria
(c) Ribosome
(d) Chloroplast
Answer: (c) Ribosome -
The organ that removes old and damaged red blood cells is the:
(a) Liver
(b) Kidney
(c) Spleen
(d) Pancreas
Answer: (c) Spleen -
The male reproductive cell is the:
(a) Ovum
(b) Sperm
(c) Zygote
(d) Gamete
Answer: (b) Sperm -
Blood glucose level is regulated by:
(a) Adrenaline
(b) Glucagon and insulin
(c) Thyroxine
(d) Estrogen
Answer: (b) Glucagon and insulin -
The process by which amoeba engulfs food particles is called:
(a) Diffusion
(b) Osmosis
(c) Phagocytosis
(d) Active transport
Answer: (c) Phagocytosis -
The main function of the human liver is to:
(a) Produce insulin
(b) Detoxify harmful substances
(c) Pump blood
(d) Digest protein
Answer: (b) Detoxify harmful substances -
Carrier proteins in the cell membrane are involved in:
(a) Passive diffusion
(b) Active transport
(c) Endocytosis
(d) Osmosis
Answer: (b) Active transport -
The thick wall of a plant cell that provides support is called the:
(a) Cell membrane
(b) Cell wall
(c) Cytoplasm
(d) Mitochondrion
Answer: (b) Cell wall -
Which component of blood helps in clotting?
(a) Red blood cells
(b) White blood cells
(c) Platelets
(d) Plasma
Answer: (c) Platelets -
The process of cell division in somatic cells is called:
(a) Meiosis
(b) Mitosis
(c) Fertilization
(d) Differentiation
Answer: (b) Mitosis -
The hormone that prepares the uterus for pregnancy is:
(a) Testosterone
(b) Estrogen
(c) Progesterone
(d) Adrenaline
Answer: (c) Progesterone -
Root hairs function mainly to:
(a) Absorb water and minerals
(b) Store food
(c) Transport water
(d) Anchor the plant
Answer: (a) Absorb water and minerals -
The main gas that plants take in during photosynthesis is:
(a) Oxygen
(b) Carbon dioxide
(c) Nitrogen
(d) Hydrogen
Answer: (b) Carbon dioxide -
Antibodies are produced by:
(a) Red blood cells
(b) B lymphocytes
(c) Platelets
(d) T lymphocytes
Answer: (b) B lymphocytes -
Insects breathe through:
(a) Lungs
(b) Gills
(c) Spiracles and tracheae
(d) Skin
Answer: (c) Spiracles and tracheae -
Which of the following is the basic building block of proteins?
(a) Fatty acids
(b) Amino acids
(c) Glucose
(d) Nucleotides
Answer: (b) Amino acids -
The function of the stomata in leaves is:
(a) Transport water
(b) Gas exchange
(c) Photosynthesis
(d) Support
Answer: (b) Gas exchange -
Which part of the nervous system controls voluntary activities?
(a) Autonomic
(b) Central
(c) Somatic
(d) Sympathetic
Answer: (c) Somatic -
The process of fertilization in animals takes place in the:
(a) Ovary
(b) Uterus
(c) Oviduct
(d) Vagina
Answer: (c) Oviduct -
The largest gland in the human body is the:
(a) Kidney
(b) Liver
(c) Pancreas
(d) Thyroid
Answer: (b) Liver -
Which vitamin is essential for blood clotting?
(a) Vitamin A
(b) Vitamin B
(c) Vitamin C
(d) Vitamin K
Answer: (d) Vitamin K -
The process by which plants lose water is called:
(a) Transpiration
(b) Respiration
(c) Photosynthesis
(d) Evaporation
Answer: (a) Transpiration -
In human, fertilization takes place in the:
(a) Ovary
(b) Uterus
(c) Fallopian tube
(d) Cervix
Answer: (c) Fallopian tube -
The process of producing offspring in organisms is called:
(a) Metabolism
(b) Reproduction
(c) Respiration
(d) Nutrition
Answer: (b) Reproduction -
The green pigment responsible for photosynthesis is:
(a) Chlorophyll
(b) Carotene
(c) Xanthophyll
(d) Anthocyanin
Answer: (a) Chlorophyll -
The part of the brain that controls involuntary activities such as breathing and heartbeat is the:
(a) Cerebrum
(b) Cerebellum
(c) Medulla oblongata
(d) Hypothalamus
Answer: (c) Medulla oblongata -
Blood cells that fight infection are:
(a) Red blood cells
(b) White blood cells
(c) Platelets
(d) Plasma
Answer: (b) White blood cells -
The enzyme responsible for breaking down starch into sugar is:
(a) Pepsin
(b) Amylase
(c) Protease
(d) Lipase
Answer: (b) Amylase -
The male reproductive cell is called:
(a) Ovum
(b) Sperm
(c) Zygote
(d) Gamete
Answer: (b) Sperm -
The functional unit of the kidney is the:
(a) Nephron
(b) Alveolus
(c) Neuron
(d) Glomerulus
Answer: (a) Nephron -
Which vitamin is synthesized in the skin under sunlight?
(a) Vitamin A
(b) Vitamin C
(c) Vitamin D
(d) Vitamin E
Answer: (c) Vitamin D -
Which structure in plant cells stores water and nutrients?
(a) Chloroplast
(b) Nucleus
(c) Vacuole
(d) Ribosome
Answer: (c) Vacuole -
The main function of the xylem in plants is:
(a) Transport food
(b) Transport water
(c) Photosynthesis
(d) Support
Answer: (b) Transport water -
Which part of the eye controls the amount of light entering?
(a) Retina
(b) Cornea
(c) Iris
(d) Lens
Answer: (c) Iris -
The process by which plants lose water vapor mainly through the leaves is called:
(a) Transpiration
(b) Respiration
(c) Photosynthesis
(d) Guttation
Answer: (a) Transpiration -
The process where genetic material is exchanged between two similar chromosomes is:
(a) Mitosis
(b) Meiosis
(c) Crossing over
(d) Fertilization
Answer: (c) Crossing over -
Which blood vessels carry blood toward the heart?
(a) Veins
(b) Arteries
(c) Capillaries
(d) Venules
Answer: (a) Veins -
The primary site of nutrient absorption in the human digestive system is the:
(a) Stomach
(b) Small intestine
(c) Large intestine
(d) Esophagus
Answer: (b) Small intestine -
The control center of the cell is the:
(a) Nucleus
(b) Cytoplasm
(c) Mitochondrion
(d) Cell membrane
Answer: (a) Nucleus -
Which organisms are classified as decomposers?
(a) Plants
(b) Animals
(c) Fungi
(d) Algae
Answer: (c) Fungi -
The vitamin necessary for clotting of blood is:
(a) Vitamin A
(b) Vitamin C
(c) Vitamin D
(d) Vitamin K
Answer: (d) Vitamin K -
The disease caused by deficiency of vitamin C is:
(a) Rickets
(b) Scurvy
(c) Anemia
(d) Beriberi
Answer: (b) Scurvy -
The muscle responsible for breathing movements is the:
(a) Biceps
(b) Diaphragm
(c) Triceps
(d) Abdominal muscle
Answer: (b) Diaphragm -
The site where fertilization takes place in human females is the:
(a) Ovary
(b) Uterus
(c) Fallopian tube
(d) Vagina
Answer: (c) Fallopian tube -
Blood is composed of:
(a) Plasma only
(b) Red and white blood cells only
(c) Plasma, red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets
(d) Water and nutrients
Answer: (c) Plasma, red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets -
The excretory organ in the human body is the:
(a) Liver
(b) Kidney
(c) Lung
(d) Heart
Answer: (b) Kidney -
The coiled part of the male reproductive system where sperm mature is:
(a) Vas deferens
(b) Testis
(c) Epididymis
(d) Seminal vesicle
Answer: (c) Epididymis -
The mouthparts used by insects to bite and chew are:
(a) Proboscis
(b) Mandibles
(c) Antennae
(d) Labium
Answer: (b) Mandibles -
The hormone that controls blood sugar levels is:
(a) Adrenaline
(b) Insulin
(c) Testosterone
(d) Estrogen
Answer: (b) Insulin -
The opening on the surface of leaves that allows gas exchange is the:
(a) Stomata
(b) Cuticle
(c) Palisade cells
(d) Epidermis
Answer: (a) Stomata -
The nitrogenous base that pairs with adenine in DNA is:
(a) Thymine
(b) Guanine
(c) Cytosine
(d) Uracil
Answer: (a) Thymine -
The site where respiration takes place in cells is the:
(a) Nucleus
(b) Mitochondria
(c) Chloroplast
(d) Cytoplasm
Answer: (b) Mitochondria -
The term that describes the maintenance of a constant internal environment in the body is:
(a) Metabolism
(b) Homeostasis
(c) Adaptation
(d) Respiration
Answer: (b) Homeostasis -
The part of the plant responsible for absorbing mineral nutrients from the soil is the:
(a) Root hair
(b) Stem
(c) Leaf
(d) Flower
Answer: (a) Root hair -
The protein responsible for oxygen transport in blood is:
(a) Albumin
(b) Hemoglobin
(c) Myosin
(d) Insulin
Answer: (b) Hemoglobin -
The main tissue responsible for transporting water in plants is:
(a) Phloem
(b) Xylem
(c) Collenchyma
(d) Parenchyma
Answer: (b) Xylem -
The term used for animals that feed on both plants and animals is:
(a) Herbivores
(b) Carnivores
(c) Omnivores
(d) Decomposers
Answer: (c) Omnivores -
The function of ribosomes is:
(a) Protein synthesis
(b) Energy production
(c) Genetic material storage
(d) Transport of substances
Answer: (a) Protein synthesis -
In the food chain, the organisms that break down dead matter are called:
(a) Producers
(b) Consumers
(c) Decomposers
(d) Herbivores
Answer: (c) Decomposers -
The organ responsible for the filtration of blood in humans is the:
(a) Liver
(b) Kidney
(c) Bladder
(d) Heart
Answer: (b) Kidney -
Which vitamin is deficient in rickets?
(a) A
(b) B
(c) C
(d) D
Answer: (d) D -
In flowering plants, fertilization occurs in the:
(a) Ovule
(b) Petal
(c) Ovary
(d) Style
Answer: (a) Ovule -
The process by which water evaporates from the leaves is called:
(a) Transpiration
(b) Photosynthesis
(c) Respiration
(d) Diffusion
Answer: (a) Transpiration -
The stage of meiosis where crossing over occurs is:
(a) Prophase I
(b) Anaphase I
(c) Metaphase II
(d) Telophase I
Answer: (a) Prophase I -
Which organelles are involved in photosynthesis?
(a) Nucleus
(b) Mitochondria
(c) Chloroplasts
(d) Lysosomes
Answer: (c) Chloroplasts -
The male gamete in plants is called:
(a) Pollen grain
(b) Ovule
(c) Seed
(d) Fruit
Answer: (a) Pollen grain -
Which of the following is not a characteristic of living things?
(a) Growth
(b) Reproduction
(c) Metabolism
(d) Movement towards light
Answer: (d) Movement towards light -
The substance that carries genetic information is:
(a) RNA
(b) Protein
(c) DNA
(d) Enzyme
Answer: (c) DNA -
The heart is protected by the:
(a) Skin
(b) Rib cage
(c) Diaphragm
(d) Pelvis
Answer: (b) Rib cage -
The primary function of white blood cells is to:
(a) Transport oxygen
(b) Fight infections
(c) Clot blood
(d) Store nutrients
Answer: (b) Fight infections -
In the human body, bile is produced by the:
(a) Liver
(b) Pancreas
(c) Stomach
(d) Small intestine
Answer: (a) Liver -
The sugar found in DNA is:
(a) Glucose
(b) Ribose
(c) Deoxyribose
(d) Fructose
Answer: (c) Deoxyribose -
The site for absorption of water in the human body is the:
(a) Stomach
(b) Small intestine
(c) Large intestine
(d) Pancreas
Answer: (c) Large intestine
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